No county shall have less than one (1) member on the Board of Directors. Any person holding an office specified in this subsection may be suspended from office with or without pay by the Commission immediately on being indicted by a State or Federal grand jury for a felony offense or charged with a misdemeanor involving official misconduct. Until otherwise provided, the terms of the County Court shall be held on the first Mondays in February, May, August and November, and may remain in session three weeks. (a) amended Nov. 5, 1985, Nov. 3, 1987, and Nov. 7, 1995; Subsecs. Said Justices shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective districts at a general election, for a term of six years and shall receive for their services the sum provided by law. (2) The State Commission on Judicial Conduct consists of thirteen (13) members, to wit: (i) one (1) Justice of a Court of Appeals; (ii) one (1) District Judge; (iii) two (2) members of the State Bar, who have respectively practiced as such for over ten (10) consecutive years next preceding their selection; (iv) five (5) citizens, at least thirty (30) years of age, not licensed to practice law nor holding any salaried public office or employment; (v) one (1) Justice of the Peace; (vi) one (1) Judge of a Municipal Court; (vii) one (1) Judge of a County Court at Law; and (viii) one (1) Judge of a Constitutional County Court; provided that no person shall be or remain a member of the Commission, who does not maintain physical residence within this State, or who shall have ceased to retain the qualifications above specified for that person's respective class of membership, and provided that a Commissioner of class (i), (ii), (iii), (vii), or (viii) may not reside or hold a judgeship in the same court of appeals district as another member of the Commission. Oregon. (b) A vacancy in the office of County Judge or Justice of the Peace shall be filled by the Commissioners Court until the next succeeding General Election. Since the 1987 case of Puerto Rico v. Branstad, federal courts may also use the Extradition Clause to require the extradition of fugitives. 6: See Appendix, Note 3.). The Constitution of 1836 adapted provisions from Spanish-Mexican law, including: community property, homestead exemptions and protections, and debtor relief. 2. (4) Commissioners shall receive no compensation for their services as such. (Added Nov. 6, 1962; amended Nov. 8, 1966, and Nov. 7, 1989.). (2) prescribe a reasonable period, which may not exceed 45 days, after the provision of that notice during which the court may not enter a judgment holding the statute unconstitutional. A political crisis in 1840s Rhode Island, the Dorr Rebellion, forced the Supreme Court to rule on the meaning of this clause. By the end of this section, you will be able to: This section discussesthe Constitution of 1876s role in Texas. Sec. The current constitution took effect on February 15, 1876. (f) Any city which owns airport facilities not serving certificated airlines which are not purchased or acquired or taken over as herein provided by such Authority shall have the power to operate the same under the existing laws or as the same may hereafter be amended. The Supreme Court and the Justices thereof shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus, as may be prescribed by law, and under such regulations as may be prescribed by law, the said courts and the Justices thereof may issue the writs of mandamus, procedendo, certiorari and such other writs, as may be necessary to enforce its jurisdiction. COURTS OF APPEALS; JUSTICES; JURISDICTION. restrict the power of the government in order to keep any governor from being as powerful as Edmund J. Davis, who served under the Reconstruction Constitution of 1869. in Article 1 of the Constitution, demonstrating the authors' commitment to limiting the way political power is used to keep it from being abused. (8) amended Nov. 5, 2013; Subsec. What determines who gets what? (c) The legislature may delegate to the Supreme Court or Court of Criminal Appeals the power to promulgate such other rules as may be prescribed by law or this Constitution, subject to such limitations and procedures as may be provided by law. The Supreme Court has held that this clause prevents states from reopening cases which have been conclusively decided by the courts of another state. Neither of these theories has been endorsed by the Supreme Court, which has held that the clause means that a state may not discriminate against citizens of other states in favor of its own citizens. JUDICIAL DISTRICTS; DISTRICT JUDGES; TERMS OR SESSIONS; ABSENCE, DISABILITY, OR DISQUALIFICATION OF DISTRICT JUDGE. Pa. 1823), the federal circuit court held that privileges and immunities in respect of which discrimination is barred include. AIRPORT AUTHORITIES. 4 of Comanche County. There shall be elected by the qualified voters of each county a Sheriff, who shall hold his office for the term of four years, whose duties, qualifications, perquisites, and fees of office, shall be prescribed by the Legislature, and vacancies in whose office shall be filled by the Commissioners Court until the next general election. Should the Legislature enact legislation in anticipation of the adoption of this amendment, such legislation shall not be invalid by reason of its anticipatory character. The change must be approved by a majority of the qualified voters of the district voting at an election called and held for that purpose. Any person holding such office may be disciplined or censured, in lieu of removal from office, as provided by this section. QUESTIONS OF STATE LAW CERTIFIED FROM FEDERAL APPELLATE COURT. If the Board of Directors is elected they shall be elected by the qualified voters of the county which chooses to elect the Directors to represent that county. -any person deemed mentally incompetent by the courts. DIRECT APPEAL FROM ORDER GRANTING OR DENYING INJUNCTION. A major issue early in the 20th century was whether the whole Constitution applied to the territories called insular areas by Congress. And it was final. (a) The Legislature may by law authorize the creation of hospital districts in Ochiltree, Castro, Hansford and Hopkins Counties, each district to be coextensive with the limits of such county. October 8, 2018. 4 of Comanche County at the time such levy is made for such purposes. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. James Wilson of Pennsylvania objected, stating it would require that state governments enforce slavery at taxpayers' expense. 14: see Appendix, Note 3.). Why were the protections for slavery that were included in the Constitution of 1836 noteworthy? Amended Nov. 6, 2001, and Sept. 13, 2003.) Sec. COUNTY COURT: TERMS, PROSECUTIONS, AND JURIES. The Presiding Judge, under rules established by the court, shall convene the court en banc for the transaction of all other business and may convene the court en banc for the purpose of hearing cases. d. Why cant systematic risk be diversified away? The property of state regulated common carriers required by law to pay a tax upon intangible assets shall not be subject to taxation by the Authority. Commissioners may succeed themselves in office only if having served less than three (3) consecutive years. Can you connect this to postpurchase dissonance? The Legislature shall provide for transfer of title to properties to the district. XVI, amended to redesignate as Sec. (f) Nov. 6, 2001.). This tax is in addition to any other tax authorized by this constitution. 18. The rights found in the Texas Bill of Rights: contain some ideas that move beyond those guaranteed by the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution. This article makes a personal income tax unlikely in Texas because: registered voters in the state must approve a personal income tax. Amended Nov. 2, 1999.) There was no place for reconsideration, or revocation, except through revolution, or through consent of the States. (g) Except as provided by Subsection (i) of this section, this section does not limit the power of the legislature to reapportion the judicial districts of the state, to increase the number of judicial districts, or to provide for consequent matters on reapportionment. This power became an important part of Reconstruction after the American Civil War. The case prohibited the entering upon the public lands of the United States and removing wild burros under the New Mexico Estray Law.[16]. 30. (f) Nov. 6, 2001; Subsec. COUNTY FACILITIES FOR INDIGENT INHABITANTS. A Justice, Judge, Master, or Magistrate may appeal a decision of the review tribunal to the Supreme Court under the substantial evidence rule. The Legislature may by general or special law provide for the creation, establishment, maintenance and operation of hospital districts composed of one or more counties or all or any part of one or more counties with power to issue bonds for the purchase, construction, acquisition, repair or renovation of buildings and improvements and equipping same, for hospital purposes; providing for the transfer to the hospital district of the title to any land, buildings, improvements and equipment located wholly within the district which may be jointly or separately owned by any city, town or county, providing that any district so created shall assume full responsibility for providing medical and hospital care for its needy inhabitants and assume the outstanding indebtedness incurred by cities, towns and counties for hospital purposes prior to the creation of the district, if same are located wholly within its boundaries, and a pro rata portion of such indebtedness based upon the then last approved tax assessment rolls of the included cities, towns and counties if less than all the territory thereof is included within the district boundaries; providing that after its creation no other municipality or political subdivision shall have the power to levy taxes or issue bonds or other obligations for hospital purposes or for providing medical care within the boundaries of the district; providing for the levy of annual taxes at a rate not to exceed seventy-five cents (75) on the One Hundred Dollar valuation of all taxable property within such district for the purpose of meeting the requirements of the district's bonds, the indebtedness assumed by it and its maintenance and operating expenses, providing that such district shall not be created or such tax authorized unless approved by a majority of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election called for the purpose; and providing further that the support and maintenance of the district's hospital system shall never become a charge against or obligation of the State of Texas nor shall any direct appropriation be made by the Legislature for the construction, maintenance or improvement of any of the facilities of such district. The Dennison decision was overruled by Puerto Rico v. Branstad (1987); now, the federal courts may require the extradition of fugitives. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISIONS for Sec. The Fugitive Slave Clause requires the return of fugitive slaves; this clause has not been repealed, but it was rendered moot by the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, except in the prison system. (a), (c), and (e) amended Nov. 2, 1999.) The Legislative Reference Library has a constitutional amendment search and the Texas Legislative Council offers a table of constitutional amendments since 1876 [PDF]. The Legislature may by law authorize the creation of county-wide Hospital Districts in counties having a population in excess of 190,000 and in Galveston County, with power to issue bonds for the purchase, acquisition, construction, maintenance and operation of any county owned hospital, or where the hospital system is jointly operated by a county and city within the county, and to provide for the transfer to the county-wide Hospital District of the title to any land, buildings or equipment, jointly or separately owned, and for the assumption by the district of any outstanding bonded indebtedness theretofore issued by any county or city for the establishment of hospitals or hospital facilities; to levy a tax not to exceed seventy-five ($ .75) cents on the One Hundred ($100.00) Dollars valuation of all taxable property within such district, provided, however, that such district shall be approved at an election held for that purpose, and that only qualified voters in such county shall vote therein; provided further, that such Hospital District shall assume full responsibility for providing medical and hospital care to needy inhabitants of the county, and thereafter such county and cities therein shall not levy any other tax for hospital purposes; and provided further that should such Hospital District construct, maintain and support a hospital or hospital system, that the same shall never become a charge against the State of Texas, nor shall any direct appropriation ever be made by the Legislature for the construction, maintenance or improvement of the said hospital or hospitals. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. That phrase incorporates all acts prohibited by the laws of a state, including misdemeanors and small, or petty, offenses. Sec. HOSPITAL DISTRICTS IN COUNTIES WITH POPULATION OF 75,000 OR LESS. He is survived by many relatives-a spouse, children, adopted children, sisters, brothers, uncles, aunts, cousins, nephews, and nieces. Justices of the peace shall be ex officio notaries public. An information is a written instrument presented to a court by an attorney for the State charging a person with the commission of an offense. Texans to decide whether to update their aging constitution. If any city or owner has outstanding revenue bonds where the revenues of the airport have been pledged or said bonds constitute a lien against the airport facilities, the Authority shall assume and discharge all the obligations of the city under the ordinances and bond indentures under which said revenue bonds have been issued and sold. 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