It is a consciously framed and enacted constitution. 6. A unitary constitution one of the types of constitution which provides that governmental powers should be concentrated on the single central government, which does not share powers with other body in the country, but delegates powers to regional, local government and other subordinate bodies. This time of constitution is good for a small country, kindred people or a homogeneous population. There are two types of constitutions. A rigid constitution is good for a federal system, because neither the centre nor the federal units can easily change it to their advantage. I have discussed What is difference between Rigid and Flexible Constitution? Here are the main advantages and disadvantages of an unwritten constitution. Written Constitution: A written constitution means a constitution written in the form of a book or a series of documents combined in the form of a book. Both the laws are enacted in the same manner and their source is also same. This results from a phenomenon known as race-to-the-bottom in which states compete to attract investments by lowering taxes. Reasons for underdevelopment in Nigeria and possible solutions. so that you can track your progress. This will go a long way to help you understand the differences as we continue. But before I will move to the crux of this work, i would like to, first of all, describe a rigid and flexibile constitution. This continuity has been ensured by a broad consensus between the crown, political leaders, and citizens that such principles are crucial to the countrys constitutionnot by the existence of any institutional obstacles to changing them. The future head of state is usually well prepared since they are prepared from birth. The US constitution is an exemplary rigid constitution, for a proposal of constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds majority vote in both Houses of the Congress: the House of Representatives (435 members) and the Senate (100 Senators). Subscribe my Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqKvfWhZpdrCA1C51RShQnA . It helps to ensure that amendment that is made to the constitution will be duly deliberated before it is made. That is, a government with a heterogeneous population. 3. A flexible constitution is, which can be easily amend or change without a complicate process. On the occasion of the Stephen Ellis Annual Lecture by Prof. Muna Ndulo on Ethnicity, diversity, inclusivity and constitution making in Africa (17 November) the Library, Documentation and Information Department of the African Studies Centre Leiden has compiled a web dossier on African constitutions. The constitution can be quite expensive to implement, especially when it comes to electing people into office. Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. DISCLAIMER: This article is intended for general informational purposes only and does not address individual circumstances. It can be viewed as a contract between the people and the government. Its method of amendment is difficult. Due to its overly flexible nature, the rules in this constitution keep on changing. Indeed, written constitutions can never exhaust the whole constitutional law of a state. Lachesis: There can often be deadlocks between the legislature and the executive. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. The great majority of countries have rigid constitutions. Today, we will be looking at those different types of constitution. The constitution though Supreme, is usually flexible and not rigid, as the government has power to amend it as maybe necessary. To a certain extent interpretation inevitably involves adaptation of the letter of the law to societal changes. Your email address will not be published. The federal constitution, is an free state organization with constitutionally assign powers in federal, state and local councils. The Constitution recognizes, grants and guarantees 34 rights of the people-The Rights of Human Dignity, Equality, Religion and Customs, Freedom of Expression, Freedom of Media, Association, Domicile, Property, Economic Freedom, Judicial Protection, Citizenship and Political Rights. CZAR NICHOLAS II of Russia, EMPEROR HAILE SELASSIE OF Ethiopia and King Reza Palavi, Shah of Iran, were examples of absolute rulers. A rigid constitution is one that cannot be easily . Here is a look at the different types of constitutions that exist in various nations worldwide. A constitution also lays principles to protect the human rights of its citizens. Although amendment can be possible when is seems necessary. 2023: Why zoning, experience, others should be a factor in Akwa Ibom politics by Godwin Edoho. ALSO READ: Advantage and disadvantages of an unwritten constitution. The United Kingdom's constitution is flexible, because any of its . The president has sweeping powers, a factor that may give rise to patronage when they appoint their close friends to powerful positions. Do you have any solutions to help fix this issue? Federal System with Unitary Bias 5. An uwritten constitution is a type of constitution that is not contained in one single document. A Monarchical constitution is actually a dynasty where the monarch is succeeded by his or her child or other heir from generation to generation or from one ruling house to another. For this type, constitutional law can be amended in the same way as ordinary law. It is often asserted that the United States has a written constitution and the United Kingdom an unwritten one. A written constitution is one in which the fundamental principles concerning state administration are embodied and which has, as a specific document, been passed by a specific body So a . This Constitution is an expression of their sovereignty. -air hunger; sighing-sorrow, shock, stress, and disappointment; take after breakup with mate or death of pet or relative to help deal with the grief more effectively -chronic grieving, sadness, loneliness-deep depression-claustrophobic fears; great insomnia remedy-over-reactive mental state, anxiety from loss; nervous personality 4. Each sphere of government exercises its constitutionally assign powers and functions. Drawn from Various Sources 3. Federations tend to be more democratic since leaders are answerable at multiple levels, not only the top government. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. Here are the main advantages and disadvantages of a federal constitution. MUST READ: Highest paying law firms in Nigeria 2020. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. The system allows economic, social, and political experimentation since power is shared across different states. CONSTITUTION Article 8 Sovereignty of the people 1. Method 1: Congress Proposes an Amendment. The written constitution can be of three types rigid, flexible or the combination thereof. A Constitution that has been systematically and meticulously written down and embodied in a single document is known as a Written Constitution. Constitutions are widely classified into two categories, firstly written and unwritten ; and secondly, rigid and flexible. The system is considerably cheaper to run since there are not many bodies that require funding from the central government. It is not a substitute for professional advice or help and should not be relied on to make decisions of any kind. Secondly, it can be seen as a social contract between the government as an entity and the people on the one hand. hasty. Under such a law, the judiciarys main role is only to see whether the law conforms to the provisions of the constitutions. In one sense this is true: in the United States there is a formal document called the Constitution, whereas there is no such document in the United Kingdom. It is expensive, time and energy consuming for various legislature to amend the provision in question, or ratify the amendment and conduct a referendum for the people to affirm or approve the amendment under consideration. If the President proclaims an emergency for the whole or part of India under Article 352, the Parliament may be entitled . It is important to note that most times, the prime ministers in the cabinet are all members of the same party or coalition equals. A written constitution is rigid and hence will be more stabie 5. will. When people feel that a rigid constitution stands in the way of the effort of the national legislature to amend it to manage a crisis or to provide equality justice to people, they are likely to approach the judiciary to intervene. Even though I understood the meaning of all the types of constitution she thought, I was unable to differentiate between them. This type of constitution is unsuitable for tiny countries. The people can experience slow government response on matters such as defence and emergencies. From what we have discussed above, I strongly believe that you understand what a constitution is and you can explain the types of constitution to anyone. This point has already been explained in the advantages and disadvantages stated above. The British constitution includes, for example, the Bill of Rights (1689), the Act of Settlement (1701), the Parliament Act of 1911, the successive Representation of the People Acts (which extended suffrage), the statutes dealing with the structure of the courts, and various local government acts. Here are the main upsides and downsides of a monarchical constitution. A parliamentary constitution is, in which all the executive power of the state is vest by the Prime Minister. Subsequently, its ratification requires a three-quarters approval by the legislatures of the (50) States. On the other hand, a federal system of government is an association of free states where power is constitutionally shared to the federal, state and local councils, and with each tier of government exercising its constitutionally assigned powers and functions. The development of the material constitution is decisive in determining the retention or demiseas well as the actual meaning and scope in applicationof the principles and rules of the written constitution, whether the latter is rigid or flexible. The powers of the different tiers of the government are usually spelt out in legislative lists of the federal constitution. Rigid Constitution is a constitution which stands above the other laws of the country, while flexible constitutions do not. Written constitution: This is where all the laws governing a country are codified into a single document or book. 20. To understand the meaning and types of constitution, it is important to know that there are two kinds of constitution. and. The procedure for amending a rigid constitution is different from the procedure for enacting and amending the ordinary laws of the land. This contract as laid down in the form of a fully written, or partly written form usually provides that; the people must not be ruled by a government, except with the consent of the people. The process of amending a rigid constitution is different from the process of enacting and amending the common laws of the land. Difference between written and unwritten constitution 2. This central body does not share its power but can delegate it to subordinate bodies such as local and regional governments. Fantastic Nikola Tesla quotes for every occasion, All you need to know about the functions of government. It allows for extremely quick decision making. (Of course, there exists the further possibility of change, in both cases, through the extreme means of a popular revolution or a military coup dtat.) 2. It gets the respect of all as it cannot be easily abused. A constitution is considered nominal if it is largely or in substantial parts disregarded and does not provide insight into the real functioning of the political system. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. From what we have discussed above, i strongly believe that you know understand what a constitution is and you you can explain the types of constitution to anyone. It encompasses a nations entire rules and ideals, a factor that might be less than ideal for some ages. Here are the main advantages and disadvantages of a written constitution. The laws reflect a nations historical continuity. Constitutional Monarch: This is a type of Monarchical constitution where the monarchy is a ceremonial head of state and a symbol of the nation with only limited powers. An uncodified constitution is one that is not contained in a single document, but consists of several different sources, which may be written or unwritten. be. The presidents fixed tenure can result in a rigid government. Here are the main ups and downs of a flexible constitution. EVOLVED AND ENACTED CONSTITUTIONS: An evolved constitution is the result of the growth of rules, which have been developed with the time, added one by one as and when the need was felt. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It ensure political stability of the country because, no section can single handedly amend the constitution to its own favour. CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCH :- This is a kind of constitutional Monarchy in which the monarchy is the head of a ceremonial empire and a symbol of a nation. A flexible constitution may be an unwritten constitution, such as, the constitution of Britain and New Zealand. Development tends to be even across the entire nation since the central government is responsible for developing every part of the country. The president then has the liberty to exercise his powers directly or through his deputy president, cabinet secretaries, or other officers. Fundamental Rights 10. According to Friedrick, "The great and . I enjoin you to seat calmly and read this work so that you will be able to grasp everything I will discuss here. The president may exercise the executive authority by own or through consultation with the vice-president, the minister, or other officers in the public service. Written and Unwritten constitution. It may also face a rebellion or a revolution. Now! Having representatives makes government more efficient, resulting in faster and better implementation of the peoples will. This is a lesson from the tutorial, Constitutions and you are encouraged to log Constitutions are widely classified into two categories, firstly written and unwritten ; and secondly, rigid and flexible. This happens because all resources have to be mobilized by the national government. What types of constitutions exist and what defines them? Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. Of course, the constitution of Great Britain is the best example Of the former, While the eighteenth-century constitutions of France were typical illustrations of the latter type. On the other hand, in rigid constitutions, people can easily feel that the current laws do not address their needs and turn to revolutions to get their way. Democracies tend to be more accountable to the people. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. At its most basic, a constitution is an instrument that embodies the rules of a social, legal or political organization. The word democracy is derived from a combination of two Greek words Demos meaning people, and kratia meaning rule or government. A rigid constitution is usually in writing or a written constitution. Whether long or short, written constitutions can concern themselves exclusively or prevalently with the organization of government or deal extensively also with the rights of the people and with the goals of governmental action. The division of powers in this system hampers the potential rise of despotic rulers, protecting the peoples liberty. This type of constitution is partially written and partially oral. The states name is derived from the Cross River that runs through it. Parliamentary Form of Government 6. Require funding from the Cross River that runs through it we continue Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, usually. And embodied in a single document amend it as maybe necessary it can be possible when is necessary. 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